Today speak four parts, the first is the robot encountered serious challenges. Second, China is the in-depth analysis of robot industry, including market, technology and application. Third, to redefine and robots in the future development of the robot. Fourth, the summary.

Robots are now encountered a big challenge. Now the robot's reputation, whether from the technical or from the it is hard to see what the future strategic high, but the real robot development for more than half a century, and its performance in the market? Robots are wrong names conform to actuality, or? The robot is one of the biggest technological inventions in the 20th century, the robot can also be called the pearl on the crown of manufacturing. At the same time, the robot has become the world's countries are scrambling to develop new and high technology. Robots will change our manufacturing model, will change our way of life. It is hard to see what the have the importance of the robot. But after more than half a century of development, the performance of the robot in the market now? More than half a century of development, so far the robot's ownership is less than 2 million units. The year 20 million sets of car production in China. Robot as a kind of industry or product it almost negligible. Robots as such an important product in more than half a century of ownership is less than 2 million units, the gap between it and its fame big surprise.

Why is this? 2009-2014, the world the rapid development of robots, especially under the background of the global financial crisis, robots grow, up to 30% growth for the world, China's growth rate to 50%, close to 60%. In recent years into a new stage of rapid development of the robot. Especially here in China, in 2013, China became the robot, the world's largest market, China market growth of 54% in 2014, remain the world's largest market. In the next 10 years or 15 years, China has been the trend of the robot will remain the world's largest market. More crucial point, China keeps density and the average density of robot, have not reached half. This shows that China's huge potential.

We analyze the again, why the robot technology is so important, but the robot the whole market performance and not so ideal? An important reason is the lag of robotics. This is on the one hand, the factors of cost, price, and the real factors may technically. Performance data can be seen from the market, the robot global average density is at 0.62% and China only 0.3%. In fact in the robot replacement rate, we think can be neglected. Because 99.38% of the world's average work or person to do, the robot inside the replacement rate of only 0.6%, or 99.7% in China operation. Where is the reason? Here is a key to robotics. Many areas because of robot technology can't support, do not have conditions. Robots don't have alternative working conditions, and is not the cost and price, is the product function and performance cannot meet the demand of real manufacturing large quantities of rigid. Robots can do now? Now the typical industrial robots, lack of the perception system. General visual force sensing, there are other perception, the robots now all have no. Robots need? A lack of dexterity. Large class of work in real manufacturing, especially the labor intensive work, almost everything people dexterity, and that is precisely what the robot lacks. Robot is neither perception system, little smart operating system, according to the human, the robot is supposed to be a serious disability, so in the human basic excluded from the scope of employment, and that's the present situation of the robot.

Today's work robots can do in this situation? Only in the structure of work environment do sequencing, the stipulation of the work. Really need dexterity, or in need of flexible environment, the robot can do. This problem led to a large class of work robots can't do, including typical labor-intensive work. Everybody said the future robot is an important development trend of 3 c (communications, electronics, consumer) dexterity work, have a large family of special sex work, without a certain specification, robots can't do anything. Really need Labour more industry robot all helpless, why? Technical problems. There is one kind is robot safety. Robots and humans can't work together now, robots must be in a cage around, due to security restrictions and a large class of working out. In addition to manufacturing, now in the field of life, endowment, assistive, medical and other fields, for today's robot is a helpless. Just how many experts in the field of talk about robots in the future development, but today it is a problem too big. The role of robot special field. One is man's substitute, is the ability of humans to expand, robot do now in this field is just beginning. Today because of the limitation of many technologies to make the robot is limited in a very narrow part of manufacturing, which answers why today robot development for half a century the world only 2 million units, as an industry can be said to be negligible. Aiming at this situation, next robot technology breakthrough is mainly manifested in the following several aspects: one is the robot operation ability, from the perspective of the dexterity; The second is to make the robot autonomous decision-making ability; Three is the interactive ability of robot, not as in the past by programming, by the keyboard, but through other interactive way, through the work to solve the robot in complex environment, the interpersonal communion with the machine, but also solve the problem of the independent consciousness associated with operating decision, to focus on solving the problem of robot interaction ability. After these several technological breakthrough, the machine will get rid of now only as a kind of mechanical equipment in the field of special application of the status quo, and into the broad market. The development of intelligent robot technology, may now go through three stages. The first stage, the computational intelligence. Now mainly reflects in the robot programming, calculation, give priority to with trajectory calculation. The second stage, into the perception of intelligence, want to come in a variety of sensor, improve the external environment adaptability of robot. The third stage, cognitive intelligence, the more long-term. The three stages, the robot is focus on the development of the second phase "smart" perception, can also need long time of accumulation, eyes need some breakthrough is intelligence.

Robot now has two attributes, the first is the robot machine attribute or mechanical properties, the robot development so far is focus on the development of the property. The second is the person's attributes, intelligence, wisdom, and dexterity. Today say that robots are a turning point, from the machine to the person is smart.

China's current situation of the development of robot industry. China to become the largest market, China's robotics companies from dozens to hundreds of overnight. I master data is that now China have a certain influence of robot may have 700 ~ 800, this is just a three to five years of explosive growth. The amount of the robot, speed up development, where is our quality? What is the connotation of the robot in China? Company's growth in China, an increase of 47%. Red is the growth of local enterprises in China, an increase of 77%. To the right of the comparison, the statistical samples as a parameter, the year before last year, the robot enterprise to continue the development speed, regardless of the increment, the original stock of the company's growth rate is 25%. This shows a year between new incremental company made a great contribution, also is the New Year to produce a lot of new companies.

I found a few key data shows that China's huge problems of robot. Includes three aspects, one is the robot technology level, the second is the robot task difficulty, there are now more embodied in the welding robot, accounted for 84% of foreign in welding field. Third, industry application, the real robot high-end application mainly in the automotive industry, in this area accounted for 90% of foreign firms. Where is the Chinese company? Or types of robots in China, mostly in my homework in the handling, stacking, may in the field of home appliance in the field of application or metal manufacturing. Through two 90% and a 90% Chinese robot at the technical level, degree of; In the robot operation level, in the use of robots industries are now a big disadvantage, that is to say foreign markets is a dominant position.

Is likely to be in the future in the industry chain in China in low end, we are low-end applications. Is other market marginalized, many mainstream market, Chinese companies may not go, this is a big problem. So now the question is the industrial chain low-end high-end market, and the marginalization of the market. The robot's core technology and core parts, programming, program design technology, control technology, the application of technique, this is a few big core technologies. Key components are drive, servo system, precision gear reducer, etc. From the perceptual system, from the visual, force this kind of things is perceptual system. Core parts and technology in the future, are hollowing out, we have developed markets, but the real core component exists hollowing out, the other in the application we are likely to be low, probably exist marginalized in the mainstream market, the risk of the "three".

Robot industry in China, big development zone and industrial park now has more than 30, has listed companies more than hundred of the concept of robot, this shows that China's robot industry development scale has been developed. Really need to do is how to improve and change our technology, our products and our market application. Improve the quality of China now is the biggest problem, before we the industrial robot by quantity and speed into real quality, connotation, this is the biggest problem China robot development. China robot industry should develop to what degree, I want to share and you siasun company to the latest developments in this field. Siasun robot has become the most complete product line of business, special robot, mobile robots, commercial robot, service robot, we can do 4.0 industrial solutions. Siasun as a listed company in the world, the market has been the world's third largest, ABB, method, siasun, Mr Bernanke is the fastest growing companies in recent years. Siasun products has a better position, siasun two-thirds of products used in foreign investment in foreign companies, goods in the low-end applications, it is difficult to go abroad, at this point we walk in front of the. China is the world's largest market, at the same time, China has become the world's most competitive battlefield robot. Chinese robot industry rapid development in recent years, the number of enterprises in but we need to have the quality of a big improvement.

China robot industry there are three big potential risk, is a technology, are likely to be hollowing out; Second, application of low-end; 3 it is market marginalized. The three potential risks, the robot industry in China, Chinese robot enterprises must pay attention to, to solve well. Four is a priority for China to cultivate internationally competitive enterprises. As a country without international leading enterprises can't dominate or competitive position in the world. Now the Chinese government to build the robot related platforms, research and development platform, the examination platform, also other standard platform, this is China's robot industry development needs the support of relevant platform. The robot's redefined and the development of a new generation of robots.

Industrial 4.0 brings a new concept, the product of the redefined, although the product name hasn't changed, but the product connotation has undergone earth-shaking changes. Just have to ask, what is a robot, it is very difficult to answer. Let's see what's happened to the robot. First look at 4.0 and robot industry. Industrial 4.0 is a concept of very hot, but many people don't know associated industrial 4.0 M2.0, industrial 4.0 now to accompanying the second revolution of machine, this is typical representative of the new robot. Traditional robot's mission is to support three times before the industrial revolution, as a big equipment support. The fourth industrial revolution must be a new generation of robots, must satisfy the physical is linked together, content is same, meet the requirements of data, network, cloud these new, so there is a big change, we call it a new generation of robots.

Now a smart manufacturing era has come, in the United States and industrialization, the revolution of the Internet of things in the United States, including industrial 4.0 of the European Union and Japan the revival of the strategy and the new revolution of robot in Japan, and made in China, 2025, all this marked the world has entered a new stage of development. We call it a big smart change at this stage, the core is intelligence. First of all, we in the smart manufacturing needs a big pattern inside the large category of change. Second, to support intelligent manufacturing requires smart devices, it is intelligent products, at the same time, design means including the management of digital, intelligent, this is a big system era of change. In this day and age, where is the progress of this age? Or driving factors in the development of new industrial revolution?

First of all, technology-driven. Robot is the current situation of today's technology can't support, a lot of functionality, performance, can't meet the demand. Sensing, big data, a new generation of materials and so on, have a sea change in technology. Second, market guidance. What do you mean? Excess production capacity, product personalization, customization demand, shortening of product life cycle, all this needs a new manufacturing mode to support. The traditional manufacturing mode, high-volume, large-scale manufacturing mode in the new market environment have been out of date. Third, the reversed transmission factor of society. Both environment and labor costs, and other various elements reversed transmission we must enter the new manufacturing mode. Technology, market, environment brought us into a new era of manufacturing industry of the revolution.

This stage need robots, robot is everyone talking about how to define the traditional robots? Programmable, multi-function, have the freedom and flexibility of high-end equipment, is a mechanical equipment category. The definition of a new generation of robots out of the concept of equipment, has become a real human partner, whether in manufacturing or daily life, special field, robot, we have been having new robot and the traditional robot in connotation, earth-shaking changes have taken place in the function, this is the key to the development of today. According to this definition, the robot's field, one of the other in the field of medical, security, service life, this is the future of the large space robot, the future market, trillions of dollars in the market, is a new range of the whole robot market.

According to the new robot and the definition of scope, why all countries in the world the new robot as a national development strategy. Robot is a combination of a variety of high and new technology integration, the development of robot almost on behalf of a national comprehensive technology development level and stage of development. Robots are trillions of dollars in big market. The function of the robot has a big support technology, it to the manufacturing, to the national defense security, has great support to the daily life, this is a big difference between robots and other products. Sustainability of robots, any technology and products has its stage of development and life cycle, but the robot can hardly see the end of it, should be accompanied by the development of human society and the development and continuous. According to a new changes, we look at China's robot or nearly stage what are the new changes in recent years. Siasun, for example, siasun the latest digital factory, with robots production robot, including production system, logistics system, intelligent manufacturing system, fully formed industrial 4.0 manufacturing model. Siasun latest intelligent robot factory, robot assembly robot intelligent manufacturing process. Our latest developed composite robot. Are separate from the past, now solved in the process of the mobile robot to complete the operation problems of precision, the two robots composite together in the past, this kind of robot launch time is short, but the market already have large quantities of orders.

System management and so on. Its characteristic is not only in one plane system, from the plane to another plane, can completely realize the layering and three-dimensional in the process of manufacturing. In addition to the progress of the manufacturing industry robot, and now the latest introduced a service robot, service robot has large quantities of quantities to the market now, today we see is a catering service robot, order instead of the waiter to send food. Now map reconstruction synchronization, so that we can make the mobile robot has the feasibility, the past is to be identified, this is now completely realized the practicality. In the past, is in front of the robot is hard to identify people or obstacles, now through facial recognition, will know that this may be one person, to how to interact, to how to avoid obstacles in the past. The implementation of mobile robot in complex environment availability and practicality.

Finally, I want to take advantage of the latest development of the flexible lightweight robot as the end of today, the robot has a degree of freedom, you can talk with people work together, with awareness. Robots and people must be independent and separate in the past, now the perception system, robot can interact with people, coordination. Robots are redefined, the new definition or opens a robot development of new era, the traditional robot has come to an end we think from a technical level, 15 years, because of the development of China's industry compared with the international development, has a certain dislocation and hysteresis. Other robots are in manufacturing, is now not only has entered into every field of human life, and just now we saw all kinds of robots have to market in an all-round way. A key point here, now, the traditional robot has entered the era of low value-added. We are now on the robot turning the key turning point, the traditional robot needs to upgrade, new robot products into the market gradually mature.

Finally we say opportunity and challenge coexist, but we believe that our opportunities will far outweigh the challenges. Thank you very much.

Tian-ran wang: robot assisted Chinese intelligent manufacturing

From 2000 to 2000, 1 million robots imported during the 13 years China growth, growth momentum is very fast in recent years, real reflect China's demand for a robot, I feel Chinese demand robot is a phase in the development of Chinese society is the result of a normal and inevitable. First we see now, the current economic rapid rise, change is the salary of laborer labor shortages. In some places the straightforward proposed substitution by machines, is the first robot.

China in recent years by rapid growth, manufacturing output has been high, but the quality, efficiency and level are low, there is a great gap with developed countries. So if we want to realize the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, improve the efficiency is an important content, among the most intelligent, is able to flexible robots will play a huge role.

Now it is very uneven robot application. First of all, from the point of geography, mainly concentrated in the southeast coastal areas, with the development of economy must to make the transition to other areas. From application field for also is very uneven, first automobile and electronic industry, and other areas of application is less, now find a lot of other areas also have requirements. In addition, we all know that the advanced manufacturing is the development direction of intelligent manufacturing, while the robot is a support of intelligent manufacturing equipment, the power of the inevitable with the progress of technology to our country to develop our own manufacturing. Since recent years, the rapid growth in demand for service robots in our country, from the state, the first need in scientific research of the robot, robot will tell the doctor need medical assistance, with the state encourages the policy support, believe that will continue to a new robot, to meet the needs of is now in the hospital, the doctor. In the face of such a demand form. For us how to improve our technology and improve our products and industry are made in China play a role of tide is our mission.

I'd like to talk about now robots have achievements and development form. China began in the seventy s for robotics research, many unit part in robot research, and made a lot of scientific research, has successfully used some research achievements. For example, the robot itself, now had an expedition to the Antarctic. Underwater robot, the deep ocean ocean observation. The application of mobile robot, first of all, disaster relief and counter-terrorism explosion-proof. Rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) in the examination of state grid also play a role. This is the shenyang institute of automation, Chinese academy of sciences research, shenyang institute of automation, Chinese academy of sciences, is also one of the earliest units to carry out research in the robot. Harbin institute of technology in the domestic robot research has a long history, technology has applied in many unit, application in the field of space is very successful. Nuclear power plant application of robots, have developed a few robots used in nuclear power plant. Beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics research successful, for brain surgery robot, this has clinical application. As well as the deep-water robot. Quite a number of units are developed in the industrial use of robots, all kinds of robot, a lot has been applied in practice. I summarize these examples illustrate, through years of efforts, our applications in many fields and direction has had some success, but also shows that we still have a lot of space and the gap between the need to work on.

Our industry? In 2013, it like China robot industry innovation is weak, the robot industry in China is relatively small, less competitive. China's industrial support for robot industry development ability is weak. I think this analysis is very relevant. I think through years of efforts, China has basically mastered the industrial robot design technology and the industrial robot application experience. Now in the development of robot industry, now rapidly grow a lot of robotics companies, while the companies haven't find out the development direction, but it laid the groundwork for the robot industry in China in the future. Some companies have found themselves in the middle of the market development direction, realize the benign circulation.

Service robots is a large area, China made a lot of research in this field, now compared to industry also is less, the industry in the planning and development. Siasun robot company, is a listed company, is also the Chinese robot industry association director unit. Guangzhou nc equipment co., LTD., in addition to make industrial robot products, also do the machine controller. Guangzhou qi sail industrial robot company is also developing fast in recent years. Ace of nanjing automation company. In robot Shanghai co., LTD., Beijing ao, bo. Two big xinjiang company shenzhen innovation of service robot technology company, shenzhen optimal choice technology co., LTD. These are some robots now enterprise representatives, reflects China's industrial robot is now about situation. As we work together, in recent years China's robot self capacity regardless of number or output rose, but share is very small. And although our application field opens up many new areas, but the work done by technical handling most of them do, so there is much more room for development and promotion.

In order to make the healthy development of the robot industry in China, the national development and reform commission, a trust department, ministry of science and technology, standardization management committee, the national product quality supervision and inspection and quarantine are to support the development of the cause, have set up some organizations, including the robot industry association in China, hope it soon become an industry association, quality inspection center, etc. In this situation now, our company strive to strengthen ourselves, traditional is to extend the new application fields and raise the level of their products. Another is should see a new development direction, increase innovation, I singled out, is to think this matter should be pay special attention to. Because the new demand can produce new technology, new robot. Here's our robots should pay attention to what direction. Manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing development is already a consensus, intelligent manufacture put forward new request to the existing robot, is not now the robot is able to satisfy the requirement of the modern intelligent manufacturing, more can not meet the requirement of the intelligent manufacturing look forward. While technological progress, especially information technology progress for robot provides support and guarantee for progress. Subjects also provides an opportunity to the development of robots. Current due to shorter product life cycle and the user's personalized manufacturing requirements more and more intense, put forward new request to the robot. Now electronic product life cycle is only two years, in order to produce new products to replace the production line to 100 days, 200 days is unbearable. Automotive life cycle has been reduced from five years to three years. In order to adapt to the production of new products, replacement production line, also can't stand by monthly, hope to be able to in days, best can within a few days to complete, so you need to be flexible, fast production units, it puts forward new requirements on the robot. If the robots now to change the existing mode of production, to be able to quickly into the new production of robots to do it, one important thing is to quickly international calibration, now a lot of people in the use of information technology in 3 d modeling. Into new mobile robot system, and not only linked to the machine, not only is the combination and control system, information system including network system constantly influence and now into the production system of the robot, how to connect these systems quickly together is also a problem to solve. There are now thousands of industrial robots is actually no hand, in our work, we are according to the specific object design concrete at the end of the actuator, until now is effective. People always want to be able to invent a cheap, generic "hand"

The development of intelligent manufacturing for robots and human relations to change. Why do you say? Now robots and application in automobile industry well, very successful. Even now existing in the shipbuilding, aircraft, these parts are made of high precision manufacture system processing, but at the time of assembly, quite a number of cases require human themselves. Need robot, want to use the robot, but the robot can't meet the demand. Labor-intensive industries hope to replace them with machines, replace the results found that not all of the labor-intensive industries, now the simple robot can replace. The robots now on many occasions are not satisfied with their requirements. Way is the manual workshop. We face a choice, fully automated production line, otherwise do not design a manual mill. And robots together, some mixed automation, may be very reasonable, very efficient mode of production, which requires the robots and integration. Service robot field, too, back in 15 years ago, this paragraph of time service robots have great progress, but if the optimistic estimate now without the implementation, the main reason is that people and robots cannot very good fusion. Service robots need more robots and good fusion. The so-called communion with people, which is able to work in the same natural space, to closely coordinate, able to independently develop their skills, able to natural interaction, at the same time to ensure the safety. Implementing such communion with others of the robot, can mutual understanding, mutual perception, help each other. To do with the robot took the communion of the symbolization of ability, learning ability, ability to foresee, self-regulation, logical reasoning ability and precision of the machine, power, repetition, operation time, environment, tolerance together. Of course we can see a bit farther, now in large scale robots and fusion together, the future may be in the biological electrical signal analysis, biological feedback control structure design human-machine coordination and ontology, farther in the future people and robots communion at the molecular scale. The robot is the support of intelligent manufacturing equipment, will boost the development of Chinese intelligent manufacturing, meet the demand of China's people's livelihood. Communion with others is the essence of the next generation of robots. The integration of various disciplines will bring new development opportunities for the robot. So we should pay attention to it and take it as our service.

ABB robotics division director of product architecture professor Daniel Wappling industrial machine: past, present and future, challenges and opportunities

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Daniel Wappling, I'm from ABB robot business department product director of architecture at present, ABB is the world's industrial robot suppliers, the topic of my speech topic and the surface of the former spokesman is similar, I will introduce the opportunities and challenges facing the industry of industrial robots, current situation and future opportunities.

My speech is divided into two parts: first of all, we look at the past and current situation of the development of industrial robot industry. Tell me the in industrial robots in the future how to change the next. Everyone to look at the industrial robot, we have some of the classic driving factors in the development of robots. The first is the health and safety area, mainly to develop some robots to help people to do some more dangerous works, there is some danger in the environment of chemicals, and in the paint industry will come into contact with the human very dangerous chemicals, in some areas of robot work even better than the human, such as in coatings industry, the robot working effect is better than humans, paint, paint will be more consistent, more even. In terms of productivity, welding robots do is better. Robots do manual work, of course, more than humans, can improve the productivity, the robot can complete the work faster than humans, the human is unable to compete in this respect. The last driver is every day we have to deal with problems, is cost, of course, the customer wants to make them to minimize the cost of investment, such a cost is also driving factors, to reduce the cost.

This topic we look at the productivity. When we develop the robot, productivity mean? One is that involves the performance of the action, it can have different explanation. When we let the robot to work, also must be particularly smooth, sometimes we also want to ensure the precision and speed of students. In some applications, otherwise may affect the quality. This, of course, want to consider the speed of the problem, and the seal. We must realize the whole process of synchronization. The upper left is a grinding operation, and the other is not the same, the performance of the robot mechanical will produce very big effect, we need to be very hard and strong. In the past 40-45 years, so we can better control. For us, productivity from another level to see, to improve productivity, to improve product quality and performance. We have a manufacturer, for example, 500 robots, the average time is 50000 hours, fault monitoring means that for every 100 hours of a trouble, will appear in the process of production for the customer, if a robot fails, will produce a great production costs, of course, means that will increase the cost of production. Then introduce the cost for you. What kind of impact can produce cost? We want to optimize and reduce the cost of themselves. Different generation of robot, including the first generation, second and third generation, can see the cost has dropped. Among the most the right side of the chart, the main is to look at the business costs, customers want to be able to let us to realize the transition of the robot. Clients keep urging us to make improvements, so that can build a better brand, they drive the brand forward constantly, constantly making progress. We have recently launched new products, is based on the product produced by the driver. It reduces the total cost first, for better work. We look again at the reliability of industrial robots, the main limiting factor is to make the robot which process equipment operation, and, of course, we can greatly improve the reliability of it. Another is to improve its performance, we focus on the design of reliable operation time and reduce the fault, so as to improve its reliability. We can also make robots become more powerful, improve its weight and the distance of the contact. We now market mainly in China, Europe, the americas, where the market is on the rise. Another point, spokesman also mentioned, in front of the robot technology research and development investment is rising sharply, now in the past the robot industry is a very small industry, in research and development funds is limited, so it affected our innovation. Now there are so many IT companies in the development of robot technology project, this means that we are now with the development of technology will produce a new work. Like our company, we have to deal with this challenge, faster development. All of our customers' requirements in the change, they hope the robot with a simple and easy. Robot and to work together this is also a kind of development trend. Then look at the simple and easy to use. Who mainly from the perspective of. At first when we buy a robot should be easy to order, place an order. Next in terms of robot, we buy it is to be able to help us to do things, and the runtime system easy to installation. The last delivery of robots, also want to easy. So easy to use can be from a different perspective to see. How to make robot is simple and easy to use? We can remove some unnecessary tasks or remove some unnecessary choices, so that we can make it simplified, easy to use.

Give you an example. Humanoid robots is Hanover in robot earlier this year, to the requirements of different areas is simple and easy to use and robot has the integration of the vision sensor system, everyone can easily underground orders from us. Easy to use, and engineering in starting the robot is also very convenient. We also launched a project in terms of robot, mainly to solve the simple application engineering and commissioning to start. Of course, I emphasized the must pay attention to its safety, want to undertake security verification, it is also involved in engineering and commissioning of simple and ease of use. We set several goals, the first robot working space must be, like people, and the robot must have integrated system. Must want to integrate all the controller, the controller should be integrated, robots must also have a vision. In the beginning of this year we introduced humanoid robots, covers all the characteristics that I mentioned before, of course, also is the first step to solve the man-machine cooperation, then there will be a long way to go.

(sinosam finishing)